SUSCEPTIBILTY OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES TO COMMONLY USED ANTIBIOTICS
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most widely spread human pathogen. It is the most common
cause of skin, soft tissue and nosocomial infections. S.aureus is known to be notorious in the
acquisition of resistance to drugs and continues to defy attempts of medical control. Considering
the havoc it causes on life and subsequently on the economy, it became necessary to determine its
incidence and antibiogram in our environment for adequate control and treatment. This study was
carried out to determine the antibacterial susceptibility of thirty (30) S.aureus isolate to some the
commonly used antibiotics and the minimum inhibitory concentration of the test antibiotics in the
control of Staphylococcal infections.
Thirty (30) mid-stream urine samples were collected from healthy volunteers (students). The urine
samples were cultured and screened for Staphylococcus aureus using standard microbiological
procedure. The identified S.aureus isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing
using the Agar-antibiotics disc diffusion technique and the minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) was determined by the Agar dilution method.
From the results obtained, out of 30 urine samples screened, 15 (50%) were confirmed S.aureus
Isolate. The S.aureus isolates exhibited Susceptibility to the test agents in the following decreasing
order: ofloxacin (60%), ciprofloxacin (46.7%), levofloxacin (26.7%), gentamycin (20%),
imipenem/cilastatin (13.3%), azithromycin, amoxicillin clavulanate, erythromycin (6.7%).
However cefexime, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone sulbactam yielded a resistant rate of
100%, 86.7%, 80% and 73.3% respectively. From the MIC result, ceftriaxone and gentamycin
showed inhibitition at 80μg/ml and 10μg/ml respectively. Whereras, the Staphylococcus aureus
isolates indicated high resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampicilin/cloxacillin (ampiclox).
This study indicates that fluoroquinolones may be effective in the management of Staphylococcus
aureus in urinary tract infections in this locality. The beta lactams are not possible options in the
treatment of staphylococcal UTIs because even at higher concentration of 160μg/ml, t
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