THE PREVALENCE OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS IN UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT TEACHING HOSPITAL RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with visual impairment among diabetic patients in Rivers State, Nigeria. The demographic characteristics, medical history, diabetic retinopathy screening, and visual function of 310 participants were examined A cross-sectional study design was employed, and data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using frequency distribution and percentages. The demographic data revealed a higher prevalence of visual impairment among females and individuals aged 50-69 years. Business people and civil servants constituted the largest occupational groups. A significant majority had attended a tertiary institution, and Christians represented the majority religious group. In terms of medical history, a high prevalence of diabetes was observed, with type 2 diabetes being the most common. The duration of diabetes varied, with a significant proportion having a recent onset or a long-term condition. Eye diseases, particularly cataract, were prevalent among the participants. Diabetic retinopathy screening and treatment rates were low, indicating a need for increased awareness and access to services. Regarding visual, function, a substantial proportion of participants reported difficulties in distance and near vision, night vision, reading small print, and color Vision. The findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions, regular eye examinations, and comprehensive diabetic care to reduce visual impairment and enhance the quality of life for individuals living with diabetes. Future research and initiatives should focus on addressing the identified risk factors, increasing awareness about eye care, and improving access to screening and treatment services to effectively manage and prevent visual impairment in this Population.