CONSTRUCTION OF DISTANCE MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

This study investigates the effect of sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) treatment on the electrical properties of activated charcoal derived from renewable biomass. The research was motivated by the global demand for eco-friendly, low-cost alternatives to conventional conductive materials. Activated charcoal was prepared through heating and purification, followed by chemical activation using a dilute solution of H₂SO₄. Electrical measurements were taken using a digital multimeter to compare the voltage and resistance of untreated and acid-treated samples. Results revealed that acid activation significantly enhanced conductivity, increasing voltage output from 0.82 V to 3.72 V and reducing resistance from 2.48 Ω to 1.05 Ω. This improvement was attributed to surface modification, removal of impurities, and formation of oxygen-containing functional groups that improved electron mobility. The findings confirm that H₂SO₄-treated activated charcoal exhibits superior electrical performance and can serve as a renewable and affordable material for energy storage, supercapacitor, and sensor applications. The study concludes that chemical activation of renewable materials holds great potential for sustainable technological innovation and local industrial development.