DESIGN, MODELLING AND FABRICATION OF UNDER-WATER REMOTELY OPERATED VEHICLE (ROV)

This project presents the design modelling, and fabrication of a cost-effective Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) tailored for underwater applications using locally sourced materials. The work integrates theoretical modelling with practical engineering to develop a robust and efficient system capable of maneuvering in aquatic environments. The modelling process employed six degrees of freedom equations of motion, incorporating hydrodynamic forces, added mass, buoyancy, damping, and thruster dynamics to simulate realistic underwater behavior. A state-space representation and Simulink-based modelling were also utilized to predict the ROVs performance under various conditions, enabling optimization prior to physical fabrication. For the build, materials such as PVC was selected based on its affordability, availability, and mechanical suitability for structural frames, buoyancy aids and viewports. The ROV was fabricated with emphasis on sustainability and performance while maintaining a low production cost. Testing confirmed that the system met expectations in terms of buoyancy, structural durability, and thruster control, requiring minimal design adjustments. A key outcome of this work is the demonstration of a 34.5% reduction in fabrication cost compared to imported alternatives, without compromising functionality. Despite challenges related to material quality and machining precision, effective quality control and design refinement ensured reliable performance. This project not only advances knowledge in sustainable underwater vehicle development but also showcase the potential of leveraging local resources to reduce dependency on foreign technology. Ultimately, the ROV serves as a foundation for future innovation in underwater robotics, especially in regions with limited access to specialized manufacturing infrastructure.