BIOSYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES USING CHLORELLA VULGARIS (ALGAE) AND AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS ON THE LIVER FUNCTION OF ARSENIC AND CADMIUM-INDUCED RATTUS NORVEGICUS (ALBINO RAT)
Abstract
This study investigated the biosynthesis and characterization of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) using Chlorella vulgaris filtrate as a green synthesis approach, evidenced by the distinct milk color indicative of nanoparticle formation. Characterization techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of CuO-NPs with a unique absorbance peak around 380 nm, while Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed various functional groups associated with the nanoparticles, highlighting their potential reactivity and stability. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated that the synthesized CuO-NPs were well-crystallized with a face-centered cubic structure, confirming the synthesis of high-quality nanoparticles. Furthermore, the study investigated the protective effects of these CuO-NPs against arsenic-induced oxidative stress in Rattus norvegicus (albino rats). The biochemical analysis showed significant reductions in oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alongside increases in antioxidant levels, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH). These findings suggest that algae-synthesized CuO-NPs may effectively mitigate the biochemical effects of heavy metal toxicity, indicating their potential as therapeutic agents.
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