THE EFFECT OF THE PROLONGED INTAKE OF KOTASE ON THE ELECTROLYTE, UREA AND CREATININE LEVELS IN MALE WISTER RATS

ABSTRACT The study is aimed at investigating the effects of prolonged intake of Kotase on electrolytes, Urea and Creatinine levels in male wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were orally administered with a daily dose of Kotase for an extended period. A total of 8 male rats were divided into three groups: Consisting of 2 animals in group A( normal control group), 3 animals in the group B which was treated with therapeutic dose and 3 animals in group C which was treated with Overdose of Kotase. The normal control group received a standard diet and wasn’t administered Kotase. The group B animals received a therapeutic dose of 0.35ml of Kotase twice daily and standard diet. The group C animals received an Overdose of 0.7ml of Kotase twice daily and standard diet. The rats were sacrificed in 2 batches, with batch A in 14days while batch B 28days. The blood samples were collected, Potassium(K+), Sodium (Na+), Urea, and Creatinine levels were investigated to assess kidney functions and electrolyte concentration, and it was observed that the results obtained for batch A showing K+, Na+, Urea and Creatinine Level respectively are; Group A ( 3.65 ± 0.07a, 136 ± 1.41, 4.15 ± 0.07b, 76.75 ± 0.35c), Group B ( 4.15 ± 0.07ab, 137 ± 1.41, 6.55 ± 0.21c, 120.6 ± 0.57d) and Group C ( 4.15 ± 1.06ab, 136 ± 5.66, 5.23 ± 1.94ab, 123 ± 1.41d). Also results for Batch B obtained for K+, Na+, Urea and Creatinine Level respectively are; Group A (3.65 ± 0.21a, 134.5 ± 0.71, 1.7 ± 0.14a, 32.2 ± 2.4a), Group B ( 4.45 ± 0.07ab, 136 ± 1.41, 2.15 ± 0.21a, 40.4 ± 3.11b) and Group C ( 4.85 ± 0.21c, 140 ± 1.41, 1.85 ± 0.07a, 36 ± 0.14a). From the above results, prolonged administration of of Kotase (28days) showed no significant difference on K+ and Na+ Concentration compared to the first 14days of administration of Kotase. However, its prolonged administration from the above data shows a decrease in the Urea levels of the animals treated with the therapeutic dose of Kotase, overdose of Kotase and also normal control group when compared to the first 14days of administration. Furthermore, after 28days of Kotase administration, there was a decreased Creatinine level in the animals treated with the therapeutic dose of Kotase, overdose of Kotase and also normal control group when compared to the first 14days of administration. Hence, the investigation revealed that prolonged administration of kotase at 14 and 28days had no significant effect on the renal and kidney functions with respect to the Electrolytes concentration, Urea and Creatinine level but suggests potential kidney dysfunction in presence of malnutrition. This could be connected to the antioxidant potentials of Bromolain, an active ingredient of Kotase. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to determine safe levels of Kotase intake to prevent potential kidney damage. Also, further studies should be carried out on other renal parameters as well as hepatic functions and parameters to ascertain it’s renal hepatotoxic effect after a long-term administration.