INVESTIGATION OF A SELECTED SCENTED INSECTICIDE ON THE HAEMATOLOGY AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF WISTAR RATS
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In this study, the effects of exposure to scented insecticide (ETSI) on the haematology, some serum
biochemical indices and liver histopathology study of Wistar rats was investigated. Twenty-four
male Wistar rats weighing 145-200g were divided into four groups of six rats each. The rats in the
control group were not exposed to scented insecticide while the rats in the other three groups were
exposed via whole body inhalation to the selected scented insecticide for 30 minutes, 45 minutes
and 60 minutes respectively every day for 21 days in a wooden exposure chamber. The
hematological parameters such as Red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), white blood
cell (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), Neutrophil (Neut), Basophil (Bas), Eosinophil (Eos), Lymphocyte
(Lym) monocyte (Mon), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH)
and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were conducted. Also serum
biochemical parameters such as total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), aspartate amino
transferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were analysed. The rats were sacrificed
after 21 days, their blood sample was collected, and liver organs were harvested and transported to
the laboratory for analysis. The haematology result showed a significant (p < 0.05) percentage
increase in the PCV at (42.65) (45-ETSI), a significant decrease in the concentration of WBC counts
at (13.95, 11.7 and 11.52) in all SI-exposed groups, with a significant decrease (30-ETSI only) in
the concentration of RBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC only. The serum biochemical result showed a
significant increase in the ALT concentration at (0.0489) and no significant in the AST
concentration (in all the-exposed groups), with significant decrease in the TP at (0.0094) (60-ETSI),
ALB at (0.0050) (30-ETSI) and GLB at (0.0021) (45 and 60-ETSI). From the histology results,
Liver exposed to scented insecticides showed a mild periportal inflammation (30-min ETSI), mild
Kupffer cells hyperplasia for both (45-min ETSI and 60-min ETSI). These findings suggest that
prolonged daily exposure to scented insecticide may pose risk to human and animal health. The
findings of this study reveals that the use of scented insecticides in a closed environment should be
reduced or eliminated and public awareness should be made on the health risks of insecticide
exposure.
Keywords: Scented insecticide, Wistar rats, Haematology, Histology, Serum biochemical indices
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