REMOVAL OF 4-NITROANILINE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING CHEMICALLY ACTIVATED SWEET POTATO PEELS BIOCHAR
Abstract
Water pollution caused by industrial contaminants, particularly organic pollutants like 4-nitroaniline (4-NA), poses severe environmental and health hazards. This study explores the effectiveness of chemically activated sweet potato peels biochar (CASPPB) for removing 4-NA from aqueous solutions. The biochar was activated using phosphoric acid and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to analyze factors such as pH, contact time, concentration, dosage, and temperature. The adsorption process followed the Freundlich isotherm (R² = 0.9785) and pseudo-second-order kinetics (R² = 0.9995), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 42.225 mg/g and removal efficiency of 96.78%. Thermodynamic analysis revealed a spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process. The results confirm that CASPPB is a cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent for wastewater purification.
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