ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ANOGEISSUS LEIOCARPA (AFRICAN BIRCH) LEAF AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH SYMPTOMS OF UTI ATTENDING FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTER (FMC), GUSAU
Abstract
This study investigates the antibacterial activity and phytochemical composition of Anogeissusleiocarpa leaf extract against Staphylococcusaureus isolated from clinical samples at the federal medical centre. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus necessitates the search for alternative therapies from medicinal plants. Leaf samples of A.leiocarpa were collected, air-dried and extracted using ethanol and aqueous solvents. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of key bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenols. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method, and the zones of inhibition were measured and compared to standard antibiotics. The ethanolic extract showed significant inhibitory effects against the isolates of S. aureus, with (16mm) larger zone of inhibition compared to the aqueous extract with (15mm). These findings suggest that A. leiocarpa possesses potent antibacterial properties attributes to its rich phytochemical constituents, supporting its traditional use in treating bacterial infections. Further studies, including toxicity evaluation and compound isolation, are recommended to validate its therapeutic potential.
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