THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN THE DISSEMINATION OF FAKE NEWS
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In recent years, social media has become a ubiquitous platform for information exchange. While it offers unparalleled opportunities for instantaneous communication, it also serves as a fertile ground for the propagation of false and misleading content—commonly known as "fake news." This study examines the mechanisms by which social media facilitates the dissemination of fake news and explores the consequences for public perception, trust in journalism, and social cohesion. Drawing on theoretical frameworks from communication studies and misinformation research, the paper analyzes case examples where social media campaigns significantly impacted public opinion. It also investigates the characteristics of fake news virality, including emotional framing, algorithmic amplification, and user sharing behaviors. Further, the study evaluates mitigation strategies such as fact-checking initiatives, platform design interventions, and media literacy education. Focusing on the context of urban Nigeria, this research employs surveys, content analysis, and interviews with media professionals to assess both the scale and the impact of fake news. The findings aim to inform policy recommendations and practical interventions for social media platforms, regulators, and civic education programs to curb the spread of misinformation.
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