PROXIMATE AND HEAVY METAL ANALYSIS OF ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT MARINE FISH SPECIES CONSUMED IN EPE, LAGOS, NIGERIA.

Abstract Marine fish are a vital component of the Nigerian diet, particularly in coastal communities like Epe, Lagos State, where seafood consumption is high. These fish are valued for their rich nutritional profile, including high-quality protein, essential fatty acids, and minerals. However, increasing industrialisation and urbanisation have raised concerns over the contamination of marine environments by toxic heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As), which can accumulate in fish tissues and pose serious health risks to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate both the proximate composition and heavy metal concentrations in four commercially significant marine fish species commonly consumed in Epe. Proximate analysis was conducted to determine moisture, crude protein, fat, ash, fibre, and carbohydrate content, while heavy metal levels were quantified and compared with international food safety standards (e.g., WHO/FAO permissible limits). The findings are expected to highlight the nutritional benefits and potential health risks associated with these fish species. This research provides essential baseline data to guide consumer choices, inform public health policies, and support environmental monitoring and food safety initiatives in the region.