DEVELOPMENT OF A BASIN AND FLOOD IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Food security is crucial for developing nations, as population growth, environmental events, and income inequalities threaten availability. Boosting agricultural productivity is necessary to address under-nourishment and global food demand. Irrigation plans are crucial for regions with insufficient rainfall and environmental constraints to increase agricultural output. They remove water from existing sources, add water to fields, and establish artificial structures. The study aims to establish a basin and flood irrigation system for the Agricultural and Bio Environmental Engineering Department. The field layout was created using AutoCAD. Soil samples were randomly collected from the field and analyzed in the laboratory for chemical and physical properties, including moisture content, bulk density, porosity, and particle size reduction. In conclusion, the development of a basin and flood irrigation system is a significant advancement in sustainable agriculture, offering a precise and responsive approach to crop irrigation. It adjusts water flow rates based on soil conditions, minimizing water wastage and environmental impact. The results of physical analysis of the soil and irrigation water are; the average result gotten from bulk density A and B are 1.92 and 1.88 respectively, for porosity average of point A and B are 27.53 and 51.38 respectively. Result of the chemical properties of the basin irrigation soil are soil pH is 6.7, the electric conductivity is 1.6, the calcium hardness is 13. Result of the chemical properties of the flood irrigation soil are; soil pH is 6.7 the electric conductivity is 1.8, the calcium hardness is 21.1. The study recommends increasing soil pH, maintain EC, reducing organic matter, and treating water to reduce phosphate, chloride, and alkaline in irrigation fields, after analyzing physical and chemical properties.