DEVELOPMENT OF BORDER AND FURROW IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study aims to develop and implement a Border and Furrow Irrigation System to enhance
water use efficiency and improve crop yields in agricultural fields. The project’s objectives
include designing and installing an irrigation system that adapts to local terrain and climate
conditions, as well as conducting physicochemical analyses of both the soil and irrigation
water to assess the system's impact. The experimental site, located in a tropical agricultural
region, was chosen for its relatively flat terrain and uniform clay soil composition, making it
well-suited for border and furrow irrigation. The 1-hectare field was meticulously leveled to
facilitate even water distribution, and its proximity to a water source ensures a steady supply
for irrigation. The site’s soil, characterized by high moisture retention yet prone to drainage
issues, provides an ideal environment for testing the system’s effectiveness. Preliminary
findings indicate a low average soil moisture content (5.0%), highlighting the need for
improved irrigation practices. Soil texture analysis revealed high clay content (48.89% to
51.22%), leading to challenges with drainage and aeration. Bulk density values ranged from
1.85 g/cm³ to 1.93 g/cm³, indicating compacted soil that could restrict root growth.
Additionally, soil pH was found to be slightly acidic (5.4–5.8), which may hinder nutrient
availability. The irrigation water showed high total alkalinity (317.2 mg/l) and calcium
hardness (217.12 mg/l), suggesting the need for water treatment to optimize conditions for
plant growth. These findings confirm that the Border and Furrow Irrigation System improves
water use efficiency but highlights the need for supplementary measures such as soil
amendments and water treatment to address underlying soil and water quality challenges.
This research provides valuable insights into sustainable water management practices and
offers a scalable irrigation solution for regions with similar agricultural conditions and
fluctuating rainfall patterns.
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