PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERIES USING LOAD IN TETFUND BUILDING

ABSTRACT This study designs and evaluates a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) integrated with a solar photovoltaic (PV) system to achieve complete energy autonomy in Edo State University, Iyamho TETFUND BUILDING. The system with a 337.68 kW PV array was designed with a and a 1.5 MWh BESS, utilizing advanced control strategies including Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and dual-loop Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control for optimal performance. The system was simulated in MATLAB/Simulink under variable solar irradiance and load profiles over a 24-hour cycle. Results demonstrated exceptional performance with 85% overall efficiency, 99.96% DC bus voltage regulation accuracy, and 100% supply reliability without grid connection. A comparative analysis revealed lithium-ion batteries as superior to lead-acid, with higher round-trip efficiency (76.1% vs. 70.7%), faster response, and a 35% lower lifecycle cost despite a higher initial investment. The research successfully validated the technical and economic feasibility of an autonomous DC microgrid, achieving all set objectives. Key findings confirm the system's ability to provide stable, reliable power while meeting international performance standards. This study provides a validated design methodology and a definitive technology selection framework, establishing autonomous microgrids as a viable solution for energy security and sustainability in Nigerian institutional infrastructure.