PROXIMATE AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF PUMPKIN (CUCUBITA PEPO) SEED

ABSTRACT This study investigates the proximate and elemental composition of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seeds using standard analytical procedures in accordance with the methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC, 2000). Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) is a widely cultivated and consumed crop valued for its nutritional, medicinal, and economic importance. Despite its growing relevance in food and health applications, scientific information on its nutritive composition remains limited. Mature seeds of Cucurbita pepo were collected from Damaturu Local Government Area of Yobe State, Nigeria, processed, and analyzed to determine their moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and carbohydrate contents, as well as selected mineral elements. The proximate analysis revealed mean values (g/100 g, dry weight basis) of 8.5 ± 0.3 for moisture, 3.8 ± 0.2 for ash, 22.5 ± 1.0 for crude protein, 18.2 ± 0.8 for crude fat, 28.5 ± 1.2 for crude fiber, and 18.5 ± 3.5 for carbohydrates. The elemental composition (mg/kg) included magnesium (380.5 ± 14.7), zinc (55.8 ± 2.1), copper (15.5 ± 0.7), and chromium (2.5 ± 0.2), while cadmium was not detected. These findings indicate that Cucurbita pepo seeds are rich in proteins, fiber, and essential minerals, making them a valuable dietary source capable of contributing to the reduction of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. The relatively high fat content also suggests potential use in oil extraction and food formulation industries. Overall, the study confirms that Cucurbita pepo is a nutrient-dense crop with significant potential for improving food security, supporting health, and promoting sustainable agricultural development in Nigeria and beyond. Further research is recommended to assess its amino acid and fatty acid profiles, vitamin content, anti-nutritional factors, and the effects of processing on nutrient availability.