MILIMETER WAVE MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR 5G COMMUNICATION (A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF A CIRCULAR AND RECTANGULAR PATCH ANTENNA)
Abstract
The performance and advantages of microstrip patch antennas such as low weight, low
profile, and low cost made them the perfect choice for communication systems engineers. They have the capability to integrate with microwave circuits and therefore they are very well suited for applications such as cell devices, WLAN applications, navigation systems and many others.
From the different types of antennas, Micro strip patch antenna has gained much attention of
research community because of its low profile, low weight, light and compact, simple and
inexpensive to manufacture using modern printed-circuit technology, mechanically robust when mounted on rigid surfaces, suitable for mobile communication applications. But it has the limitation of low efficiency, Low power-handling capability, poor polarization purity, poor scan performance, spurious feed radiation and very narrow frequency bandwidth, which is typically only a fraction of a percent or at most a few percent. This study delves into the realm of 5G communication, focusing on the utilization of millimeter-wave (MM-wave) microstrip patch antennas. The primary goal is to comprehend the significance of MM waves in antenna applications and, through a comparative analysis, optimize microstrip patch antennas for superior performance in 5G scenarios. Employing CST Studio Suite, rectangular and circular patch antennas are designed, modeled, and evaluated, considering essential parameters like bandwidth, return loss, and radiation patterns. Specifically, the study reveals that circular microstrip patch antennas exhibit inherent symmetry, leading to omnidirectional radiation patterns, while rectangular counterparts provide simplicity in design and integration. The comparative analysis elucidates how these geometric differences impact key performance metrics, providing a nuanced understanding of their applicability in diverse 5G communication scenarios.
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