THE INFLUENCE OF TYPE OF SEED BEDS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CAPSICUM FRUTENSCENS (PEPPER)

ABSTRACTUniform plant distribution is essential for yield stability in peppers, with optimal spacings varying by type. Plant density affects yields in cayenne pepper (C. frutescens), but research on seed yield and plant populations is limited. In Nigeria, low yields stem from challenges like climate and weed competition. Understanding how different seed bed types impact germination and growth is crucial, yet more focused studies are needed. The research was conducted at the University of Abuja in Gwagwalada, Nigeria.A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates was used to assess the effects of two seed bed types on Capsicum frutescens: (1) Open field and (2) Raised bed. Uniform seeds were sterilized with a 0.5% bleach solution before sowing. Seeds were sown directly or transplanted into raised beds. Measured growth parameters weekly and recorded yield parameters at harvest. Data were analyzed using ANOVA to determine treatment differences. The raised seedbed provided optimal conditions for germination and growth of Capsicum frutescens. The growth and yield of Capsicum Frutescens (chili pepper) are significantly influenced by seed bed type. This research found that raised seed beds resulted in the highest germination rate (90%) due to better drainage and aeration, while flat beds had a lower rate (78%) due to moisture retention. Raised beds improve root development, nutrient uptake, and resilience to diseases and harsh weather, leading to healthier plants and increased fruit yield. They also facilitate better irrigation management. Conversely, flat beds are easier to prepare but can suffer from waterlogging in heavy rainfall, which may hinder plant growth unless irrigation is carefully managed. Overall, raised beds are recommended for areas with poor drainage, while flat beds can be effective in well-draining soils. The choice of seed bed should consider environmental conditions to optimize yield and support sustainable farming practices.