INVESTIGATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF GARCINIA KOLA STEM BARK ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

This study investigated the effect of ethanol extract of Garcinia kola (bitter kola) stem bankton the hematological parameters of hemolytic-induced Wistar albino rats, focusing on packed cell volum (PCV) and red blood cell (RBC) count. Hemolysis was induced in the rats, and they were treated with varying doses of the extract (100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg). The results showed a dose-dependent response. The low-dose extract (100 mg/kg) exhibited no significant change compared to the control, indicating a protective effect against hemolysis. In contrast, the medium (500 mg/kg) and high doses (1000 mg/kg) significantly reduced PCV and RBC levels, suggesting possible hemolytic toxicity or impaired erythropoiesis at higher concentrations. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of Garcinia kola extract at lower doses, but they also raise concerns regarding its safety at higher doses. The study concludes that while Garcinia kola stem bark extract may have beneficial effects in protecting red blood cells at lower concentrations, higher doses could pose risks. It recommends further research to determine the optimal dosage, elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action, and conduct long-term toxicity studies to ensure its safety for therapeutic use. Additionally, comparative studies with other traditional medicinal plants are suggested to explore alternative treatments for hemolytic conditions.