DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SOLAR TRACKER SYSTEM USING SIMPLE ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS.

ABSTRACT Solar energy is very important means of expanding renewable energy resources. Considering this we have developed solar tracker system so that we can fulfill our electricity need. But due to revolution of the earth, solar source i.e. sun does not face the panel continuously hence less electricity is produced. The energy panel should face the sun till it is present in a day. This problem is solve by the block diagram in figure 3.1 which consist of a LDR sensor senses max solar power which is being given to the Microcontroller through the D2822a integrated circuit which digitizes the LDR output. Controller then takes the decision according to then algorithm and tilts the panel towards the direction of the max energy given by LDR with the help of DC Motor. The Motor is used to rotate the LDR to sense the max solar power. A Solar Tracker is basically a device onto which solar panels are flitted which tracks the motion of the sun across the sky ensuring that the maximum amount of sunlight strikes the panels throughout the day. After finding the sunlight, the tracker will try to navigate through the path ensuring the best sunlight is detected. It is completely automatic and keeps the panel in front of sun until that is visible. Its active sensors constantly monitor the sunlight and rotate the panel towards the direction where the intensity of sunlight is maximum. The system focuses on the controller design whereby it will caused the system able to tracks the maximum intensity of Sunlight is hit. When the intensity of Sunlight is decreasing, this system automatically changes its direction to get maximum intensity of Sunlight. LDR light detector acts as a sensor used to trace the coordinate of the Sunlight by detecting brightness level of Sunlight. While to rotate the appropriate position of the panel, a DC geared motor is used. The system is controlled by two relays as a DC-geared motor driver and a microcontroller as a main processor.