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This study examines the effect of entrepreneurial strategies on the development of selected table water factories in Gombe Metropolis. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, involving factory owners, managers, and workers. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using percentages and tables. The findings revealed that entrepreneurial strategies such as innovation, effective management, marketing techniques, and financial planning significantly contribute to business growth and sustainability. However, challenges such as inadequate capital, poor infrastructure, and competition affect development. The study concludes that the adoption of effective entrepreneurial strategies enhances productivity and profitability. Recommendations were provided to improve business performance.

Environmental Pollution is a pressing global issue caused by anthropogenic activities that poses significant threats to ecosystems, human health, and the planet's overall well-being. This research is however aimed at determining the Bioaccumulation and Health Risk Indices of African Spinach samples from Amaeka, Ezza South LGA of Ebonyi State. The Heavy Metal concentration of African Spinach and soil samples were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Sixteen (16) samples each of African Spinach and soil were used for this research work. The result for the Heavy Metal analysis of the African Spinach samples showed that the value for Lead (Pb) was significantly (P>0.05) higher than EPA standard. The values for the Heavy metal concentration in all the soil samples were significantly (P

ABSTRACT <br> This study examines the impact of monetary policies on the performance of Union Bank of <br> Nigeria Plc. Monetary policy, driven by the Central Bank of Nigeria, influences financial <br> markets and economic behavior by regulating the money supply. The research aims to evaluate <br> the effects of monetary policies on banking performance, identify challenges, and propose <br> solutions. A survey was conducted using 100 questionnaires distributed to staff at the Union <br> Bank Head Office, Lagos. Of these, 90 responses were retrieved, with 60 from males and 40 <br> from females. A 5-point Likert scale was employed, and data were analyzed using chi-square <br> methods. Findings revealed inefficiencies in banking operations and their adverse effects on <br> Nigeria’s economy. Recommendations include fostering long-term funding through pension <br> and mutual funds, strengthening loan repayment frameworks, and adopting modern interest <br> risk management tools. Effective banking operations are crucial for Nigeria's economic <br> growth.

The continent of Africa is grossly underdeveloped. This opening statement<br> summarizes the state of a geographic entity blessed with endless human and<br> natural resources. To most observers, this state can be described as abnormal and<br> anticlimactic. Africa’s tale of non-development has been considered a disease<br> which various thinkers of contrasting disciplines seek to diagnose the situation and<br> prescribe remedies for it. These attempts serve as beacons of hope for natives and<br> concerned foreigners alike with the aim of reversing the declining state of a<br> continent with enormous potential.<br> African philosophical themes have undergone a steady but sure evolution<br> over the last century. This reinforces the Hegelian view that every philosophy is a<br> child to her circumstances. For decades, the existence of an African philosophy in<br> its authenticity has been argued and its validity debunked. This led to the sprouting<br> of various African minds in the conquest to prove the existence of an African<br> philosophy.

Postpartum hemorrhage is a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity globally, and understanding its prevalence and risk factors in this specific geographical area is essential for informing healthcare practices and interventions to reduce its incidence and improve maternal health outcomes. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of post-partum hemorrhage among post-natal women attending Zing primary health care Centre Zing local government area taraba state. In this study a cross-sectional research design was adopted, this design allows the researcher to gather large amount of data from sizable population in a cost-effective way. Sample random sampling was used to obtained the 184 respondents for the study from January to December 2023 using the hospital records. And the finding revealed that the prevalence of post-partum hemorrhage among post-natal women attending PHCC Zing as out of the one hundred and eighty-eight four (184) registered post-natal women that attended the hospital, 59 (32.1) had the condition. The government should embark on a sensitization from campaign to educate women of child- bearing age on the need to seek medical care and intervention before, during and after pregnancy.

ABSTRACT<br> This study assesses the profound effects of broken homes on the moral upbringing of children in Dukku Local Government Area, Gombe State, Nigeria—a predominantly Muslim rural region grappling with rising divorce rates, parental abandonment, and family fragmentation driven by economic pressures, domestic conflicts, and cultural shifts. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research draws on surveys (parents/guardians and adolescents aged 10-18), focus group discussions with imams and community leaders, and secondary analysis of Qur'anic exegeses alongside Hadith to quantify moral deficits—manifesting as juvenile delinquency (42% increase per local records), ethical relativism, and weakened tarbiyyah (Islamic moral training)—while tracing causal pathways from familial instability to behavioral outcomes like disobedience, substance experimentation, and eroded taqwa (God-consciousness).Findings reveal broken homes disrupt the dual-parental amanah (trusteeship) mandated in Quran 66:6 ("Protect yourselves and your families from the Fire") and prophetic sunnah (e.g., "Each of you is a shepherd and each is responsible for his flock," Sahih Bukhari), yielding statistically significant correlations: children from single-parent (widowed/divorced) households exhibit 3.1x higher aggression scores and 2.4x diminished adab (etiquette) per standardized moral inventories, compounded by absent role modeling that undermines akhlaq (character) formation amid Dukku's 68% poverty rate and 52% female-headed household surge. Logistic regressions confirm mediators—reduced madrasah attendance, peer delinquency exposure, and economic dependency—as amplifying vulnerability, with highlighting gender disparities where girls face heightened early marriage risks (35%) versus boys' truancy (28%).From an Islamic perspective, the study proposes holistic solutions rooted in maqasid al-shariah (preservation of faith, life, intellect, lineage, wealth): (1) restorative naseeha (counseling) via family arbitration courts (qada' al-sulh) invoking Quran 4:35's sulh (reconciliation) to curb 60% divorce initiations; (2) community kafalah (sponsorship) systems expanding zakat-ul-fitr allocations for 1,500 orphans/widows, mirroring prophetic ashab al-suffa support; (3) Jumu'ah-integrated tarbiyyah modules emphasizing parental hisbah (accountability, Quran 17:15: "No bearer of burdens shall bear another's burden"); and (4) mosque-led youth mentorship circles fostering ukhuwwah (brotherhood) to rehabilitate at-risk adolescents, projecting 40-55% delinquency reductions based on analogous Kano interventions.Theoretically grounded in Ibn Qayyim's ethical psychology and contemporary fiqh bil-munasabah (contextual jurisprudence), this research bridges empirical sociology with Islamic moral ontology, offering Dukku—and by extension northern Nigeria's 200M+ Muslim population—a scalable, shariah-compliant blueprint for fortifying family institutions against modern disruptions. Findings underscore urgent policy imperatives: embedding sulh centers in 11 Gombe LGAs, zakat boards prioritizing child welfare (target: ₦500M annual), and ulama training in child psychology, positioning Islamic ethics as both diagnostic lens and therapeutic arsenal for moral revival amid familial decay

ABSTRACT <br> This study focuses on the Analysis of Livelihoods Among Farming Households in Lafia Local Government Area, Nigeria. Livelihood refers to the means and strategies by which individuals and households secure their basic needs, such as food, shelter, clothing, and other essential amenities. It encompasses various activities, assets, and resources that people use to sustain themselves and their families. Livelihoods can include employment in agriculture, non-farm occupations, self-employment, business ventures, and other income-generating activities. The primary objectives of the research was to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identify the types of livelihoods activities engaged by the respondents, to access the income generated by the respondents and to identify the constraints faced by the respondents. <br> A multi-stage sampling techniques was employed to select 120 households, and structured questionnaire were used for primary data collection. Data collected for the study were subjected to Descriptive statistics. objectives i, ii iii were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency counts, and percentage. Mean core derived from Likert scale were used to achieved objectives iv. The constraints were weighed on 5 point Likert scale as Highly serious, Moderately serious, Very serious, Serious, and not Serious. <br> The results of the study shows that The respondents are predominantly between 30 and 50 years old, with a mean age of 37 years. This indicates that most of the respondents are in their prime working years, which is consistent with the demographic trends in rural farming populations.<br> The majority (66.7%) of the respondents are male. In many rural communities, farming activities are often dominated by men due to the physical demands of the work, while women are typically more involved in subsistence farming or household-based economic activities.<br> The majority of respondents (70.8%) are married, which can suggest a family-oriented agricultural system where family labor is utilized on farms.<br> Most households have between 1-5 members (79.0%), with a mean household size of 6 persons. A larger household size can provide a source of family labor. The respondents have varying levels of education, with 41.7% having completed only primary education and 16.6% having tertiary education.<br> The main constraints identified included limited access to farm inputs, inadequate access to credit, poor market price, climate variability, infrastructure and land tenure systems. <br> The study highlights the significant role of agriculture in sustaining rural livelihoods in Lafia LGA, where crop farming and livestock rearing serve as primary sources of income. The socio-economic characteristics of the respondents indicate that the majority of respondents are middle-aged males (62.5%) with an average age of 37 years, and most are married (70.8%). The average household size of six persons and a predominance of primary-level education (41.7%) suggest a population that has some formal education but faces limited opportunities for higher <br> Based on the study's findings, the following recommendations are; Enhancing Access, Education and Capacity Building, Infrastructure Development.

This study focuses on the rehabilitation of forklift machines to restore their operational efficiency and extend their service life. Forklifts are essential industrial equipment used in warehouses, construction sites, and manufacturing industries for lifting and transporting materials. Over time, these machines experience wear and tear due to continuous usage, poor maintenance practices, and harsh working environments, leading to reduced performance and frequent breakdowns. The study examines the causes of forklift deterioration, the processes involved in rehabilitation, and the benefits of restoring faulty components instead of complete replacement. Key rehabilitation activities include engine servicing, hydraulic system repair, replacement of worn-out parts, battery maintenance, and structural refurbishment. Findings reveal that proper rehabilitation improves machine efficiency, reduces operational costs, enhances safety, and minimizes downtime. The study concludes that regular maintenance combined with timely rehabilitation is crucial for optimal forklift performance. It is recommended that organizations adopt preventive maintenance strategies and invest in skilled technicians to ensure effective rehabilitation practices.