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Teacher commitment is a critical factor for improving educational outcomes, yet many teachers experience low engagement and job satisfaction due to challenges such as lack of support and limited empowerment. This study examined the roles of perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment on teacher commitment among primary school teachers. Two hundred and forty-nine (249) primary school teachers (Males 28 (11.23%) and Females 221 (88.77%)), with their ages ranging from 17 - 67 years (Mean age= 34.20; SD = 9.34) were drawn from nineteen Primary schools in Nsukka; using convenience sampling technique. Perceived Organizational Support Scale (POSS), Psychological Empowerment Scale (PES) and Teacher Commitment Scale (TCS) were used for data collection. Data analysis using Hierarchical Multiple Regression revealed that perceived organizational support was not associated with teacher commitment among primary school teachers (β = .07, p > .05). Psychological empowerment was positively associated with teacher commitment among primary school teachers (β = .57, p < .001). This finding underscores that teacher commitment is driven more by intrinsic factors like psychological empowerment, autonomy, and purpose, rather than by external organizational support. The implication of this study is that improving teacher commitment requires a more comprehensive approach, focusing on intrinsic factors like psychological empowerment, teacher autonomy, professional development, and a positive school culture, rather than relying solely on perceived organizational support.

Groundwater is a vital natural resource, and its vulnerability to contamination needs to be carefully assessed for sustainable management. This research focuses on the development of a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based DRASTIC model, combined with Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data, to assess groundwater vulnerability in aquifers within Owerri, South East Nigeria. The research methodology included an initial literature review and the creation of a study area map. Field surveys were conducted to gather data on geological features, hydro-geological aspects, and geo-electrical sounding. Geo-electrical data were interpreted to delineate subsurface structures. The study area, located in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, spans approximately 125 square kilometers. The city boasts a dynamic landscape, with mostly level terrain, elevations ranging from 70 to 120 meters above sea level, and two important rivers bordering the area. Data acquisition involved using the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method with ABEM-Terrameter equipment in the Schlumberger configuration. Twelve VES stations were established, but offset VES points were unavoidable due to topographical constraints. Data processing was done using the IP2win software, yielding true resistivity layers and thicknesses. To assess groundwater vulnerability, the DRASTIC model was applied, considering seven critical parameters: depth to water table, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of the vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer. Each parameter was assigned a weight and rating, contributing to the DRASTIC Index (DI). The DI values were then categorized into low, moderate, high, and very high vulnerability classes. Results showed varying vulnerability zones across the study area.

This study investigated the influence of social media on the study habits of undergraduate students at Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. Social Media platforms have become essential part of students' daily routines and retain information. This study examined the extent to which social media usage impacted on students' study habits, including time management, concentration, reading patterns, and academic discipline.A descriptive survey research design was adopted to assess these effects. The target population comprised all undergraduate students of the university numbering seventeen thousand (17,000 )across various faculties and academic levels. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to ensure fair representation. First, three faculties were purposively selected based on their relevance to the study. Then, stratified random sampling was used to select students from different academic levels within these faculties.The study utilized a structured questionnaire as the primary data collection instrument. The questionnaire was divided into sections covering demographic information, social media usage patterns, and study habits. A sample size of 300 students was determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s (1970) formula. Data collected from the respondents were coded and entered into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 to establish relationships between social media usage and study habits.Ethical considerations, including informed consent and confidentiality, were strictly upheld. The findings provided insights into how social media influences students' study habits, highlighting both benefits and challenges. Recommendations were made for students, educators, and policymakers on optimizing social media for better study habits and academic discipline.

This study investigates the impact of international trade and exchange rate fluctuations on Nigeria's economic growth from 1986 to 2023. The research employs Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as the dependent variable, while Trade Openness (TRO), Exchange Rate (EXR), and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) serve as independent variables. International trade is caption by trade openness. Data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and the World Development Indicators (WDI). Using econometric techniques including Unit Root Test, Johansen Cointegration Test, and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), the study explores both short-run dynamics and long-run relationships among the variables. The findings reveal that exchange rate have a significant impact on Nigeria’s economic growth, while international trade (trade openness) shows a mixed and less consistent effect. The study also finds evidence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables, suggesting that sustained stability in exchange rate and improved trade policies are essential for fostering economic growth in Nigeria. It recommends policy measures aimed at exchange rate stabilization, diversification of export base, and attraction of foreign investments to enhance the country’s economic performance.

Sports betting have rapidly become an entrenched part of student life across Nigerian universities, raising profound concerns about its moral, academic, and psychological implications. Despite its growing acceptance among young adults, especially in tertiary institutions, its influence on students’ value systems and behavioural patterns remains under-researched in the Nigerian context. This study aimed to examine the impact of sports betting on students’ moral behaviour, academic commitment, emotional well-being, and the influence of peer and media pressure. Grounded in Rational Choice Theory and Kohlberg’s Moral Development Theory, the study adopted a qualitative research design using key informant interviews (KII) with students from Crawford University and the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. Fourteen respondents were purposely selected, and their responses were thematically analysed using NVivo 12. Findings revealed that sports betting has become normalised among students, driven by financial desperation, peer influence, and the allure of quick wealth. It was observed to compromise students’ moral judgement, impair academic focus, and provoke emotional distress including anxiety, secrecy, and withdrawal. Advertising by betting platforms also played a significant role in glamorising gambling among students. The study concludes that sports betting pose a multidimensional threat to the ethical and psychological stability of university students. It recommends structured financial literacy programmes, stricter campus policies on betting, and accessible mental health interventions.

ABSTRACT<br> This study examined the E-Naira: A tool for tracking and curbing money laundering and fraudulent transactions in Nigeria. The objectives include to analyze the technological features of the E-Naira role of forensic accounting in an organization, to assess the impact of the E-Naira on money laundering and fraudulent transactions and to identify challenges and limitations in the implementation of the E-Naira. The study adopted pre-test estimation of frequency tables to ensure that the data set is stationary and fit for the analysis. Ordinary Least Square Simple Regression method of analysis was adopted for the estimation. The data utilized for the study were extracted from the use of questionnaires. The study revealed that technological features of E-Naira play a positive and significant impact on money laundering and fraudulent transactions, it also noted that the study revealed that E-Naira play a positive and significant impact on money laundering and fraudulent transactions, the study also showed that challenges and limitations has negative but insignificant impact on the implementation of the E-Naira. Thus, the study concludes that E-Naira: has positive and significant impact for tracking and curbing money laundering and fraudulent transactions in Nigeria. This study recommends among others that monetary authority should implement policies that will curb fraudulent activities.

This study investigated the protective effects of beetroot fruit powder (BFP) on renal oxidative markers in male Wistar rats exposed to monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG, a common flavor enhancer, has been reported to induce oxidative stress and renal damage through the excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Beetroot fruit powder, rich in antioxidants such as betalains, nitrates, and polyphenols, may counteract these effects. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control, MSG only, MSG + low-dose BFP, MSG + high-dose BFP, and MSG recovery group. All treatments were administered orally for 21 days. Body weight, kidney weight, and renal oxidative markers were evaluated using standard biochemical assays, and histopathological analyses were performed. Results showed that MSG exposure significantly reduced body weight gain and kidney weight, indicating nephrotoxic effects. Supplementation with BFP, particularly at high doses, markedly improved these parameters and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Histological observations confirmed improved renal structure in BFP-treated groups compared with MSG-only rats. These findings demonstrate that beetroot fruit powder exerts a nephroprotective effect against MSG-induced oxidative stress, likely due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The study suggests that dietary supplementation with beetroot fruit powder may serve as a natural therapeutic approach for preventing MSG-related renal dysfunction.<br><br> <br><br> Keywords: Beetroot fruit powder, Monosodium glutamate, Oxidative stress, Kidney, Antioxidants, Wistar rats.

Innovative techniques to power generation are required due to the growing need for sustainable <br> energy solutions in offshore drilling operations. The design and construction of a floating offshore <br> wind turbine is the main goal of this project since it will support drilling operations by offering a <br> dependable and environmentally responsible energy source. In challenging offshore conditions, <br> the turbine is built for maximum energy output, stability, and efficiency. The turbine employs a <br> semi-submersible floating platform for stability and is equipped with a horizontal axis wind turbine <br> featuring a three – bladed rotor. A rotor running at 750 RPM is integrated into the system, <br> producing a maximum power of 575 Watts and guaranteeing an adequate power supply for <br> auxiliary drilling activities. The electrical system includes a permanent magnet alternator coupled <br> with a power conditioning unit to ensure efficient energy conversion. Fabrication was carried out <br> using mild steel and other materials for corrosion resistance and durability. The results <br> demonstrated stable power source for offshore drilling operations, which shows that floating wind <br> energy solutions can be effectively incorporated into offshore drilling sites, contributing to <br> sustainable and energy-independent operations.