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ABSTRACT <br> Malaria is a continuing major public health problem in Nigeria, particularly in high-risk populations such as pregnant women. This study was intended to determine the prevalence and associated socio-demographic factors of malaria among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in General Hospital Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State. Cross-sectional study was conducted for a two-month duration with 120 pregnant women giving informed consent. Blood was drawn and processed for microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to establish malaria infection. There was a high prevalence of malaria of 74.2% (89/120) among the participants. Analysis of socio-demographic variables showed significant association of malaria prevalence with age, marital status, education level, and occupation. The peak prevalence was registered among women of 20–25 years old (80%), and then 26–30 (76%), 31–35 (75%), 36–40 (66.7%), and 41–45 (50%) years old. Most malaria-positive cases were among married women (81.1%), followed by widowed (75%) and divorced women (42.1%). Among single participants, no positive case was registered. With regard to educational level, the majority of infected women were at the secondary level (94%), followed by primary (51.4%) and tertiary (44.4%). Occupation-wise, the highest prevalence of malaria was observed among the "others" category (82.5%), followed by students (82.4%), employed (81.3%), and unemployed (61.7%). In the course of data analysis, the correct statistical tests were utilized to determine the significance of relationships, with a p-value of < 0.05 deemed statistically significant. Results were presented in tables, charts, and narrative summaries to facilitate interpretation and dissemination of findings to relevant stakeholders, such as healthcare providers, policymakers, and community members.

ABSTRACT<br> Antifungal study of oil from uncooked fruits of Elias guineensisagainst fungi isolated from human hair was investigated. Standard microbiological methods were adopted in the isolation of fungi from human hair. Decoction method was used to obtain the oil extract from the palm fruits. Agar well diffusion technique was adopted to determine the zones of inhibition of the oil extract against the fungi isolates. Fungal counts recorded from the human hair ranged from 1.4 x 104cfu/g to 4.0 x 104cfu/g. Fungal isolates from the human hair were; Candida species, Microsporumspecies, Trichophytonrubrum and Trichophytonmentagrophytes. Zones of inhibition recorded ranged from 10mm to 18mm with palm oil extract. Tube dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extract. The results recorded ranged from 250mg/ml to 500mg/ml with palm oil extract. Minimum fungicidal concentrations were recorded at 500mg/ml with palm oil extract on Candida species. The use of this oil in the production of hair cream and other products should be encouraged.

This Project focused on the Parental Expectation and Self-Efficacy in the Academic Performance of Health Information Management Students at Adeleke University, Ede, Osun state. The specific objectives were to: assess student’s perception of self-efficacy, examine the effects of parental expectations and self-efficacy on students’ academic performance and determine the barriers to parental expectations and self- efficacy on Health Information Management Students at Adeleke University, Ede, Osun state. <br> Descriptive research design was adopted for this study. A simple random sampling technique was used to select two hundred (207) respondents. A total of two hundred (207) questionnaires were distributed and One hundred and ninety-five (195) were retrieved, giving a response rate of 94.2%. Data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentages, mean, and standard deviation with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.<br> Findings of the study revealed that majority (72.8%) of the respondents strongly agreed that lack of confidence affects students’ self-efficacy in their studies while84.1% agreed that motivations received from others help self-efficacy. Many(72.8%) of the respondents strongly agreed that parental expectations and self-efficacy are positively associated with children’s high academic performance. Finally, most(92.3%) of the respondents strongly agreed that mismanagement of time and lack of transportation and financial resources (92.3%)are barriers to parental expectation and self-efficacy on students’ academic performance <br> It was concluded that parental expectation and self-efficacy are integral part of students’ academic performance. Low self-efficacy affects the students’ academic performance and students with high self-efficacy have excellent academic performance. It was recommended that School management should organize seminars and workshops for parents on how to maintain their expectation without affecting the students negatively and they build high self-efficacy in their children by allowing them to set goals, plan, and try different paths to achieve their goals.

Here is a **50-word abstract**:<br> <br> Abstract (50 Words)<br> This study examines how correctional strategies influence rehabilitation outcomes among prison inmates in Ondo State, Nigeria. It explores vocational training, education, counseling, and institutional conditions as determinants of effective reformation. Findings highlight the need for improved resources and structured programs to enhance reintegration and reduce recidivism.

ABSTRACT<br><br><br> This study investigates the relationship between financial reporting quality and the performance of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria.<br><br><br> The objective is to<br><br><br> determine whether high-quality financial reporting contributes significantly to improved corporate performance in the manufacturing sector. Financial reporting quality is measured using accrual quality (AQ), timeliness (TIM), and disclosure quality (DQ, while firm performance is assessed using Tobin's Q. The study covers data from manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) over a<br><br><br> 10-year period (2013-2022). The research employs panel data analysis to provide empirical evidence on how these variables interact over time. To evaluate the effects of 4Q, TIM, and DO on firm performance, the study utilizes pooled OLS, fixed effects, and random effects regression models. From the pooled OLS model, AQ (coefficient =<br><br><br> 1.8004, p = 0.417), TIM (coefficient = 0.0079, p = 0.983), and DQ (coefficient = -<br><br><br> 7.98e-08, p = 0.364) were all statistically insignificant. In the random effects model,<br><br><br> TIM showed a positive and statistically significant effect (coefficient = 0.7433, p =<br><br><br> 0.037), while DO had a negative and significant effect (coefficient - -1.55e-07, p =<br><br><br> 0.048). AQ remained statistically insignificant (coefficient = 1.2569, p = 0.559). The<br><br><br> fixed effects model showed no statistically significant variables: AQ (coefficient = -<br><br><br> 2.3395, p = 0.341), TIM (coefficient = 0.4814, p = 0.246), and DQ (coefficient = -<br><br><br> 6.86c-08, p = 0.431). Additional robustness tests were carried out to validate the<br><br><br> reliability of the regression results. The Breusch-Pagan test for heteroscedasticity returned a p-value of 0.5645, indicating homoscedasticity and validating model consistency. The Hausman specification test yielded a p-value of 0.4226, suggesting that the random effects model was more appropriate than the fixed effects model for this study. Multicollinearity diagnostics using the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF)<br><br><br> confirmed no significant multicollinearity issues, with mean VIF = 1.48. The model's<br><br><br> overall fit (R°) ranged from 0.0013 in fixed effects to 0.1040 in the random effects model, indicating that most variation in firm performance is explained by other factors not captured in this study. In conclusion, timeliness of financial reporting emerged as a key determinant of firm value, confirming that prompt disclosures foster investor trust and market credibility. Disclosure quality, surprisingly, had a negative and significant impact, suggesting the possibility of "disclosure overload" diminishing clarity and usefulness to stakeholders. Accrual quality, though positively signed, did not show a significant effect in any model. The study recommends that regulatory bodies like the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRCN) and the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) should enhance enforcement of timely and meaningful financial disclosures.<br><br><br> Firms are encouraged to focus not only on compliance, but also on the clarity, timeliness, and strategic relevance of the information they provide.

The study examines the design of a congestion control system for multi-user telecommunication network. A case study of Airtel Nigeria network. Rapid telecommunication network expansion has raised network traffic and user demand, which frequently causes congestion and lowers service quality, especially for multi-user systems. Using Airtel Nigeria as a case study, this paper describes the architecture and deployment of a congestion control system for a multi-user telecom network. JavaScript and HTML were used in the system's development with the goals of effectively managing network traffic, minimizing congestion, and enhancing user experience overall. The first part of the study looks at the difficulties caused by network congestion in multi-user settings, particularly in areas with high population densities where telecommunications companies, like Airtel, deal with heavy traffic loads. These difficulties are exacerbated by elements including a growing subscriber population, data-intensive apps, and constrained network infrastructure. The study suggests a congestion control system that uses load balancing, traffic prioritization, and real-time monitoring to reduce congestion during periods of high demand. While HTML was used to build a user-friendly interface for network operators, JavaScript was used in the system's design to handle data traffic and user interactions dynamically. The main features of the system are real-time network traffic monitoring, traffic shaping, and more equitable network load distribution among the resources. Furthermore, priority queuing algorithms were incorporated to guarantee high-quality service delivery even in times of congestion by giving phone conversations and video streaming priority over other important network services. However, to assess the system's performance, a multi-user environment was simulated on the Airtel network during the installation phase. The outcomes showed a notable decrease in network congestion, which enhanced data transfer rates and reduced the number of lost connections. The system's real-time alerts on congestion status and traffic control features made it easy for network operators to utilize. Test results showed a significant improvement in the user experience, particularly during moments of high traffic. With possible applications in other multi-user networks, this work provides telecom service providers with a scalable answer to their network congestion problems. JavaScript and HTML were used to create a simple, yet efficient, congestion control framework that offered room for improvement. In order to improve system scalability and adaptability in bigger networks, future research should examine the integration of machine learning algorithms for predictive congestion management and the use of more sophisticated programming frameworks.

ABSTRACT<br><br>      The study examined the types of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools being utilised by students of Obafemi Awolowo University; it also assessed the effect of utilisation of ICT tools on academic performance of students in the institution; and analysed the challenges associated with the utilisation of ICT tools by students of the institution. These were with a view to provide insight on the influence of Information and Communication Technology tools on students’ academic performance in tertiary institutions in Nigeria.<br><br> The study adopted survey research design. The study utilised both primary and secondary data. Primary data were gathered using questionnaire and interview. The study population (7,468) comprised of undergraduate students from selected faculties such as Technology; Social Sciences; Science; and Environmental Design management in ObafemiAwolowo University, Osun State. Multistage sampling technique was used for the study. A sample size of 380 respondents was obtained using Taro Yamane formula, and proportional to size technique was used to administer questionnaire to the respondents across the selected faculties in the institution. In addition, interview was conducted with purposively selected student executive. Secondary data were obtained from journals and official publications. Data gathered were analyzed using percentages, mean, and linear regression analysis.<br><br> The study revealed that smartphone (73.7%), laptop or personal computer (73.7%), and e-learning platform (73.7%) were the major types of ICT tools utilised by students in the institution. The study also revealed that majority of the respondents agreed that utilisation of ICT tools shows a significant effect in terms of access to online academic resources (82.9%), communication between students and lecturers’ enhancement (81.6%), and meeting assignment deadline (79%). This shows there is a significant effect found between ICT tools utilisation and improved students’ academic performance. Finally, the result revealed that frequent power outages (80.2%), Slow or unstable internet connection (79%), and High cost of data and internet subscriptions (78.9%) were the major challenges affecting the utilisation of ICT tools in the institution.<br><br> The study concluded that Information and Communication Technology tools have significant effect on students’ performance in Obafemi AwolowoUniversity, Osun State, Nigeria.

This study investigated the utilization of cornmeal flour, wheat flour, soybean flour and edible insect (kanni) blends in the production of cake was studied. Cakes were produced using wheat flour, soybean flour, cornmeal flour and edible insect blends in different ratios as 100:0:0:0, 85:5:5:5, 75:10:10:5, 65:15:15:5, 55:20:20:5, 0:0:100:0 and 0:100:0:0 respectively. The proximate, mineral composition and functional properties of the composite flour cake were determined using standard methods. The cake were found to be more dense in proximate composition with increase in ash content and crude fibre content. The moisture content ranged (13.81 - 17.57 %), ash (3.67 - 5.35 %), crude fibre (1.32 - 2.10 %), fat (16.90 - 21.63 %), protein (11.25 - 25.90 %) and carbohydrate (30.36 - 46.03 %) and mineral composition of the cake were sodium (66.40 - 82.40 mg/100g), potassium (452.65 - 590.65mg/100g), calcium (167.35 - 213.50 mg/100g), phosphorus (70.55 - 96.16 mg/100g), iron (0.78 - 1.28mg/100g), zinc (0.58-1.52mg/100g). The functional properties of the composite flour could be used for food formulation. wheat, soybean and cornmeal flour blends with edible insects used in production of cake showed appreciable amount of carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash crude fibre and mineral contents. Hence, acceptable cake could be produced from the blend of 75% wheat flour, 10% soybean flour, 10% corn meal flour fortified with 5% edible insect (kanni) blends.