Search NAPiD.

Greenhouse gas emissions from urban activities significantly impact environmental <br> health, particularly in areas with high traffic, waste disposal sites, and agricultural <br> operations. This study addresses the challenges of increased methane and carbon <br> dioxide emissions in the LAUTECH area due to inefficient waste management and high <br> vehicular emissions. The primary objectives of this research are to identify emission <br> sources, quantify their environmental impact, and suggest effective mitigation <br> strategies.<br> The research employed portable gas detectors, digital compasses, and air quality <br> monitoring equipment to gather data across traffic routes, animal farms, and dumpsites. <br> Methane and carbon dioxide levels were measured along with temperature, humidity, <br> and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Site-specific readings were obtained to assess <br> varying emission levels, and anaerobic digesters were considered to evaluate potential <br> methane recovery methods.<br> The findings indicate that animal farms and dumpsites are primary contributors to <br> methane emissions due to organic waste decomposition, while traffic routes exhibit high <br> levels of carbon dioxide from fuel combustion. Methane concentrations were notably <br> higher at Abogunde Farms and the abattoir, while traffic sites like AA Rano and College <br> recorded elevated CO₂ levels, underscoring the diverse sources of emissions in the area.<br> In conclusion, targeted waste management and traffic control measures are essential to <br> reduce emissions and promote environmental health. Implementing these strategies can <br> support sustainable practices and enhance the quality of life in the community

This study examines the relationship between use of e-learning resources and pupils’ academic performance in social studies in public primary schools in Andoni Local Government Area of Rivers State. Four research questions and four corresponding hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study employed the correlational research design. The population of the study comprised 287 subjects, out of which 229 were sampled for the study using simple random sampling techniques. The instrument for data collection was the researcher-designed questionnaire (ELPAPSSQ) which was validated and trial tested to ascertain its reliability. The Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (PPMC) was used to analyze the data. The result of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between use of computer as e-learning resources and pupils’ academic performance in social studies in public primary schools in Andoni Local Government Area, Rivers state; there is a significant relationship between use of tablets as e-learning resources and pupils’ academic performance in social studies in public primary schools in Andoni Local Government Area, Rivers state; there is a significant relationship between use of cell phones as e-learning resources and pupils academic performance in social studies in public primary schools in Andoni local government area, Rivers state; there is a significant relationship between use of television as e-learning resources and pupils’ academic performance in social studies in public primary schools in Andoni Local Government Area, Rivers State. Based on the findings and conclusion of the study, recommendations were made which include that there is the need for the provision of e-learning resources to enhance the teaching and learning experience of pupils in primary schools.

This study investigated influence of class size and school location on students’ academic achievement in Biology in secondary schools in Ethiope East local Government Area. This research adopted the cross sectional research design to sample 218 students from selected schools using simple random sample technique, the instrument was questionnaire titled “influence of class size and school location on students’ academic achievement in Biology in secondary schools in Ethiope East local Government Area”. Data was analysed with simple percentage, mean and t-test which was adopted to analyse the stipulated research questions and research hypotheses of the study. Based on the findings generated from fieldwork, it was concluded that there is significant relationship between class size and academic achievement in Biology in secondary schools in Ethiope East local Government Area, there is significant relationship between school location and academic achievement in Biology in secondary schools in Ethiope East local Government Area in favour of urban secondary school students, there is significant relationship between availability of school facilities and academic achievement in Biology in secondary schools in Ethiope East local Government Area as well as is significant relationship between learning environment and academic achievement in Biology in secondary schools in Ethiope East local Government Area. From the findings, the following recommendations were made; secondary schools should aim to maintain a smaller student-to-teacher ratio, allowing for more personalized attention and effective teaching of Biology, secondary schools in rural areas should receive equal resources and funding as those in urban areas to ensure equal opportunities for Biology students, secondary schools should provide teachers with regular training and workshops to enhance their teaching skills, especially in Biology among others.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined immunization as the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine (WHO, 2020). This is used descriptive design to assessing the implementation of childhood routine immunization among mothers of children under 5 years old attending Ibrahim Taiwo Primary Health Center, Ogbomosho. Convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 204 respondents. Questionnaire with 0.718 reliability was used as the instrument of data collection. The responses were analyzed with descriptive statistics (frequency and tables) and influential statistics of chi-square to test the hypothesis. The findings showed that majority 105(51.4%) of the respondents falls between 26-30 years of age, while majority 172 (84.3%) agreed that they have heard about childhood routine immunization. Almost 202(99.0%) of all the respondents agreed that vaccination is important. Majority also 152(74.5%) rated the attitudes of the staff in the ANC clinic as unfriendly. Two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance which revealed that there is a significant relationship between the occupation and the uptake of childhood routine immunization and also there is association between educational status and uptake of childhood routine immunization. In conclusion the findings revealed that the respondents have good knowledge and attitude towards childhood routine immunization. <br> Word counts: 224 words<br> Keywords: Assessment, Childhood Routine Immunization, Implementation, Mothers.

The study investigate the effect of inorganic preservative (phyllatus amarus leaf extract) and <br> organic acid preservative (potassium metabisulphite) on the mineral composition of stored <br> tigernut drink stored at 37±2°C for 3days using standard methods. The tiger nut drink was <br> divided into 2 100ml bottles and 0.30% plant leaf powder and 0.30% potassium metabisulphate<br> was introduced into the100ml bottles of tiger nut drinks. The potassium associated in phyllatus <br> amarus treated tiger nut drinks ranged from 322.12±1.21mg/l to 426.64±1.26mg/l while that of <br> potassium metabisulphate treated tiger nut drinks ranged from 351.32±1.18mg/l to <br> 379.34±1.18mg/l. The calcium present in phyllatus amarus treated tiger nut drinks ranged from <br> 125.32±1.11mg/l to 112.98±1.14mg/l while the calcium present in tiger nut drink treated with <br> potassium metabisulphite ranged from 127.32±1.10mg/l to 118.32±1.10,mg/l the magnesium composition of phyllatus amarus leaf ranged from 134.28±1.67mg/l to 151.28±2.11mg/l while the magnesium composition of potassium metabisulphate ranged from 141.71±2.10mg/l to 151.31±1.82mg/l, the iron composition of phyllatus amarus ranged from 3.12±0.21mg/l to 3.64±0.11mg/l while the iron composition of potassium metabisulphate ranges from 3.72±0.15mg/l to 3.68±0.17mg/l, the lead composition of phyllatus amarus ranged from 0.46±0.01mg/l to 0.20±0.02mg/l while the lead composition of potassium metabisulphate ranged from 0.38±0.01mg/l to 0.29±0.05mg/l and the copper composition of phyllatus amarus ranged from 0.62+-0.11mg/l to 0.34+-0.04mg/l while the copper composition of potassium metabisulphate ranged from 0.57+-0.01mg/l to 0.42±0.10mg/l. The results revealed 0.3% of phyllatus amarus or potassium metabisulphate has the potential to stabilize the mineral nutrients in the tiger nut drink

The study on the economic analysis of maize production in Egbeda Local Government Area of Oyo State aimed to evaluate the profitability and challenges of maize farming. Maize is a staple food and key source of income for many households in the region, but traditional farming methods and poor access to inputs have constrained its production potential. The broad objective of the research was to examine the socio-economic characteristics of maize farmers, assess their cost and return structure, identify determinants of income, and explore challenges affecting maize production.<br><br> <br><br> The methodology adopted involved a two-stage sampling technique to select 120 respondents across six maize-producing villages. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire and interviews, focusing on farmer demographics, farm characteristics, input costs, and revenues. Analytical techniques such as descriptive statistics, budgetary analysis, and regression models were employed to evaluate socio-economic factors, income determinants, and production constraints.<br><br> <br><br> The findings revealed that maize production is profitable, with a gross margin of ₦3,990,000 and a rate of return on investment of 1.2. Key determinants of income included labor, farming experience, and pesticide usage, which positively influenced profitability, while the cost of seeds had a negative effect. The study also identified several production constraints, such as limited access to improved seeds, inadequate loan facilities, poor soil fertility, and challenges related to storage and transportation.<br><br> <br><br> In conclusion, maize farming in Egbeda LGA offers significant profitability, but to enhance productivity and sustainability, farmers need improved access to modern farming inputs, credit, and extension services. The study recommends that government and development agencies provide more support through training, better seed varieties, and infrastructure improvements to overcome the identified challenges and ensure the long-term viability of maize production.

ABSTRACT<br><br> he analysis of soil deposits is a crucial aspect of understanding soil composition,fertility.and<br><br> suitability for various applications.This abstract provides a concise overview of the researchl<br><br> conducted to analyse soil deposits and its significance in the field of Civil engincering.The researck<br><br> obiectives of the study were to assess the physical,chemical and biological properties of soll deposits.<br><br> investigate their spatial distribution,and understand the implications of soil deposit analysis.Samples<br><br> Laterite)were collected from Mbak-itam and Ntiad-itam in Itu local govemment and laboratory<br><br> analysis such as Sieve analysis test,Moisture content test.CBR test,.Compaction test,Atterberp's limit<br><br> lest.and Direct shear stress were conducted to evalunte the physical properties such as texture.<br><br> stncure,moisture content and compaction.Sieve analysis test had a total weight of 1000g of dry<br><br> kample,and weight of aggregate ranging from 0.00g-2.Ig using various sicve sizes.Moisture content<br><br> test the total average moisture content was obtained for both samples which are 21.20%and 27.8%.<br><br> CBR test had a penetration of 0.00mm-6.5mm.From top it had a range of 0.00mm-80mm,and bottom<br><br> had a range of 0.00mm-74mm for the first sample.For the second sample,from top it had a range of<br><br> 0.00mm-80mm and bottom it had a range 0.00mm-76mm.Compaction chancteristies of the soil<br><br> samples had an OMC of 13,5%and a dry density of 650g/cm3 for the first sample and an OMC of<br><br> 10.99%and a dry density of 1900w/cm3 for the second sample.Atterberg's limit test had a plasticity<br><br> lindex 0f 7.8%,shrinkage limit test where the initial length was 140.00mm,oven-dried length of<br><br> 132.0mm and a linear shrinkage of 5.7%for the first sample.Plasticity index of 6.3%,shrinkage limit<br><br> test where initial was 140mm,oven-dried length of 130.5mm.and a lincar shrinkage of 6.8%for the<br><br> second sample.Direct shear stress had shear stress ranging from 0.00Pa-11.07Pa and a shear<br><br> displacement of OPa-0.201Pa.for the first sample.The second sample a shear stress mnging from<br><br> 0.00Pa-14.09Pa and a shear displacement of OPa-0,200Pa was obtaincd,the result of the analysis<br><br> provides valuabie insights into the soil deposits characteristics within the study area.

ABSTRACT<br> This study examined the evaluation of the use of new media to access national news by students (a study of students of Lens Polytechnic Offa, Kwara State). The study was guided by four distinct objectives specifically to determine users’ level of dependence on new media for national news, to ascertain the level to which new media users perceive new media national news as trustworthy, to examine the level to which new media users perceive professionalism in new media national news content and to evaluate the extent to which new media users verify new media national news. Survey research method was adopted and questionnaire was used to gather data from 382 respondents among the population of the study. The findings revealed that most of the respondents reported using new media regularly to access national news. And majority of the users check national news updates multiple times daily, and over half identified new media as their most frequently used source for such information, and the respondents reported verifying news from new media before accepting it as true. Hence, the study concluded that new media plays a central role in how many users access national news. It was, however, recommended that news content creators should prioritize accuracy and clarity in reporting to build and maintain users’ trust, as many respondents are cautious due to past exposure to false information, and new media users should be encouraged to consistently cross-check news from multiple credible sources before accepting it as true or sharing it with others