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Interior Design of Hotel Rooms as a Factor Affecting Customer Satisfaction in Hotels in Bida, Niger State. This study employs a descriptive survey research design, utilizing quantitative methods to examine how interior design elements influence customer satisfaction in selected hotels in Bida, Niger State. The instrument for data collection is a structured questionnaire administered to 60 hotel guests across six purposively selected hotels, focusing on aspects such as lighting, color schemes, furniture arrangement, and aesthetics. Interior design plays a pivotal role in shaping guest experiences in the hospitality industry, where elements like ambiance, functionality, and comfort directly impact perceptions of value and repeat patronage. The study explores how these design features contribute to overall satisfaction, comfort, and aesthetic appeal, drawing on guest feedback to assess their influence on hotel operations.Analysis of data using frequency distributions, percentages, and Chi-square tests reveals a significant positive relationship between interior design and customer satisfaction.The implications highlight opportunities for improved guest experiences, operational efficiency, and competitive advantage in the hospitality sector. Hotels should prioritize ergonomic furniture, optimized lighting, and sustainable aesthetics to boost satisfaction and revenue. Recommendations include regular renovations, staff training on design impacts, and integrating guest feedback for personalized interiors.<br> <br> Keywords: Interior Design, Customer Satisfaction, Hotel Rooms, Hospitality Industry, Guest Experience, Bida Niger State.

PROMOTION COSTS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN NIGERIA: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM CHAMPION BREWERIES PLC

ABSTRACT<br> The rapid advancement of technology has transformed the way education is delivered and managed. Traditional classroom systems often face challenges such as manual attendance tracking, inefficient assignment handling, limited communication between students and lecturers, and delayed grading processes. This project, titled “Design and Implementation of Smart Class Hub for Software and Web Development Class”, aims to address these challenges by providing a fully integrated digital platform to manage all classroom activities effectively.<br> The Smart Class Hub is a web-based application designed to streamline academic processes. It allows administrators/lecturers to upload lectures, create assignments, post announcements, define attendance rosters, set exams, and automatically grade students’ exams. Students can register and log in to access lectures, submit assignments, view announcements, mark attendance, ask questions, take exams, and see their results in real time. The system ensures accuracy, efficiency, and convenience in managing classroom activities, while also providing a user-friendly interface that enhances learning and engagement.<br> The development of this system involved PHP for server-side scripting, MySQL for database management, and HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for front-end design. Testing and evaluation demonstrated that the system successfully reduces manual workload, improves communication, and provides real-time feedback for both students and administrators.<br> In conclusion, the Smart Class Hub provides a practical solution to modern classroom challenges, promotes effective teaching and learning, and contributes significantly to the automation of educational management processes.

Abstract<br> The Construction and Implementation of Voice-activated RGB Color Sorting System using Microcontroller project presents an innovative solution to automate the sorting of objects based on color through voice commands. This system integrates a microcontroller with a voice recognition module and a color sensor, allowing users to interact seamlessly without manual input. The project aims to enhance sorting efficiency in industries such as recycling, manufacturing, and inventory management. Through rigorous testing, the system demonstrates high accuracy in recognizing voice commands and detecting colors under various conditions. User feedback indicates a positive experience, emphasizing the accessibility and practicality of the voice-activated interface. The findings highlight the potential for smart automation technologies to streamline operational workflows and reduce reliance on manual labor. This project serves as a foundation for future enhancements, paving the way for broader applications in automated sorting systems and contributing to advancements in robotics and artificial intelligence..

This cross-sectional study examined students' perceptions of contraceptive usage in Ekosodin community, University of Benin, Nigeria, involving 130 male and female undergraduates selected via simple random sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages). Findings revealed high contraceptive awareness (90%), with condoms (80%) and pills (60%) most recognized, but low knowledge of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) like IUDs (30%) and implants (20%), due to reliance on informal sources (friends/peers and media, 30% each) and limited formal education (40% attended sessions). Positive perceptions of effectiveness were strong (80% agreed contraceptives prevent pregnancy), yet 30% associated use with sexual irresponsibility, influenced by cultural/moral beliefs. Half (50%) reported contraceptive use, primarily condoms (40%) and pills (20%). Key barriers included fear of side effects (50%), high cost (40%), stigma/embarrassment (50%), lack of confidentiality (50%), and religious/cultural beliefs (30%). Grounded in symbolic interactionism, the study highlights how social meanings shape behaviors. Recommendations include mandatory reproductive health education, youth-friendly confidential services, subsidized contraceptives, peer-led campaigns, and gender-inclusive programs to address myths, improve access, and promote informed usage, thereby reducing unintended pregnancies and STIs.

ABSTRACT<br><br> In schools and companies, monitoring of group-activity levels, keeping track and<br><br> knowing who is in charge are both important. Conventional attendance systems, like<br><br> manual registers and biometric scanners are prone to errors, time-consuming and fraud<br><br> processes. To address the inefficiencies and vulnerabilities of traditional attendance<br><br> tracking methods, a contactless attendance system was developed.<br><br> The system was developed using RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)<br><br> technology, where each individual is issued a unique RFID card with an identification<br><br> number, which, when scanned by an RFID reader, attendance data was collected by the<br><br> system and transmitted using IoT (Internet of Things) technology to a cloud-based<br><br> database. This was implemented with a microcontroller (ESP8266).<br><br> This attendance records is stored and accessible in real time through an intuitive<br><br> web and mobile interface. Security is paramount, with data encryption and access control<br><br> implemented to ensure data integrity. The system eliminates proxy attendance,<br><br> significantly reduces processing time, and enhances accuracy. The system's scalability<br><br> allows it to accommodate large user bases, and its cost-effective design offers a viable<br><br> alternative to conventional methods. This system represents a significant advancement in<br><br> attendance monitoring, offering a reliable, efficient, and secure solution for modern<br><br> organizations

Abstract<br> This study focused on the effectiveness of agricultural subsidies in reducing food prices in Kogi State using Ibaji Local government as the study area. The major objective of this project is to examine the reasons for agricultural subsidies in Kogi State, various types of agricultural subsidies in Kogi State and the effects of agricultural subsidies on agricultural output in Kogi State. The methodology adopted in gathering data was descriptive survey method, both the primary and secondary methods. The major instrument used to gather data from primary source is the questionnaire. From a population of 472,670 a sample size of 400 respondents was selected using Taro Yamane. Findings revealed that agricultural subsidies have the potential to be a powerful tool in reducing food prices and ensuring food security in Nigeria, especially in agriculturally rich regions like Kogi State. However, their success depends on proper planning, efficient implementation, and monitoring. In Kogi State, despite the availability of arable land and a farming population, the impact of subsidies has been limited due to systemic challenges such as corruption, late input delivery, lack of awareness among farmers, and absence of supporting infrastructure like roads and storage facilities. In view of the findings, it was recommended that Government should develop a reliable and transparent farmer database in Ibaji to ensure that only genuine and active smallholder farmers benefit from subsidy programs. They should deliver subsidized inputs like fertilizers, seeds, and agrochemicals before the beginning of the farming season to allow proper planning and usage. Also. there is need to deploy trained agricultural extension officers in rural areas like Ibaji to educate farmers on the proper use of inputs and improved farming practices.

This study examines the transformation and current dynamics of the Nigerian modeling industry, which has evolved from adhering to Western beauty standards to increasingly embracing and celebrating African beauty. Pioneered by figures like Oluchi Onweagba, this shift highlights a broader global trend towards diversity and self-expression. Despite these advancements, persistent biases and systemic barriers continue to limit true inclusivity. The study aims to assess Nigerian fashion models’ and designers’ perceptions regarding diversity, and to analyze how designers promote inclusivity through their work. Utilizing surveys and questionnaires, the research will provide quantitative insights into current attitudes and identify areas for improvement. Theoretical frameworks like symbolic interactionism will guide the exploration of how fashion and beauty symbolize identity and status. Recommendations include promoting indigenous beauty standards and incorporating traditional elements into contemporary fashion to enhance cultural representation and inclusivity.