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This study assessed the antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from urine samples collected at three different hospitals in Offa, Kwara State. The total heterotrophic bacterial count revealed a high microbial load across all samples, with colony-forming units ranging from 9.0 × 10⁶ to 11.2 × 10⁷ cfu/ml. Cultural and biochemical analyses identified predominant Gram-negative bacterial isolates including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp., and Enterococcus faecalis. The isolates showed diverse biochemical characteristics and varying reactions to glucose, lactose, sucrose, and other indicators. Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated significant resistance among the isolates, with some showing resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as SXT, CN, and AM, while moderate susceptibility was observed to APA and CPX in a few cases. These results reflect the alarming presence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative uropathogens in the study area and underscore the urgent need for improved diagnostic monitoring, antibiotic stewardship, and infection control practices in healthcare settings.

This study explores the effect of strategic planning on the organizational performance of First Bank Nigeria Plc, Awka, with a focus on employee engagement, technology innovation, and leadership style. The main objective was to assess how these elements influence customer satisfaction. The study was anchored on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Dynamic Capabilities Theory, which emphasize leveraging internal capabilities and adaptability to enhance organizational performance. A descriptive survey design was adopted for data collection, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to 65 employees of First Bank Nigeria Plc, Awka. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression analysis through SPSS. The findings revealed a strong positive correlation between employee engagement and customer satisfaction (R = 0.940, R² = 0.883), indicating that engaged employees significantly contribute to customer satisfaction. Technology innovation also had a substantial impact on customer satisfaction, explaining 75.2% of its variation (R = 0.867, R² = 0.752). Furthermore, the study highlighted the negative effects of workplace bullying, with 38.46% of respondents reporting bullying, which adversely impacted their mental health. The results underscore the importance of employee well-being, technological integration, and leadership in improving customer satisfaction and overall performance. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the critical role of strategic planning in enhancing organizational performance. Recommendations include boosting employee engagement through training and recognition, investing in advanced technologies to improve service delivery, and addressing workplace bullying through anti-bullying policies and mental health support. These strategies can help First Bank Nigeria Plc achieve better organizational outcomes and sustain competitive advantage in the banking sector.

Infertility is a significant reproductive health concern affecting many women in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State. This project examines the causes and management of infertility among women of child-bearing age. A descriptive survey design was used to gather data from respondents. Findings revealed that infertility is mainly associated with untreated sexually transmitted infections, hormonal imbalance, tubal blockage, post-abortion complications, fibroids, and lifestyle factors. Cultural beliefs and delayed healthcare-seeking behavior also contribute to the burden of infertility. Management methods identified include medical treatment, hormonal therapy, surgery, and herbal or traditional practices. The study recommends improved health education, accessible fertility services, and community awareness to reduce infertility and its associated stigma.

This study investigated the impact of company income tax (CIT) on the financial performance<br><br> of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. An ex-post facto research design was adopted, using<br><br> a population consisting of all deposit money banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange.<br><br> From this population, a sample of five (5) banks was selected, and secondary data covering a<br><br> period of five years (2019-2024) were extracted from their published financial statements. The<br><br> study employed both the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Panel Least<br><br> Squares Regression analysis to examine the data. To test the long-run relationship and<br><br> stationarity of the variables, the Augmented Dickney-Fuller (ADF) unit-root test was employed<br><br> at a 5% level of significance. The empirical findings revealed the presence of a long-run<br><br> equilibrium relationship between CIT on bank profitability (p-value= 0.000< 0.05). These<br><br> results suggest that, CIT may positively influence profitability through mechanisms such as<br><br> improved regulatory compliance, better financial disclosure, and enhanced investor confidence.<br><br> The findings revealed that company income tax has a positive and statistically significant effect<br><br> on financial performance, measured by ROA, while firm size also showed a significant positive<br><br> relationship. The results confirm the existence of a long-run relationship between company<br><br> income tax and financial performance. The study concludes that while company income tax<br><br> contributes positively to the profitability of deposit money banks, firm size remains a stronger<br><br> determinant of financial performance. It recommends that tax policies should be designed in a<br><br> way that supports growth and sustainability in the banking sector.

Physics education is central to fostering scientific literacy and technological development, yet its teaching in Nigeria is challenged by low student engagement, inadequate instructional resources, and a shortage of qualified educators. This study investigates the Impact of Gamification on Enhancing Physics Learning Outcomes Among Physics Teachers in Public Secondary Schools in Ilorin South Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria. The study was guided by five research questions and three hypotheses. A quantitative, descriptive survey design was adopted, and data were collected from 50 physics teachers using a structured and validated questionnaire. The research instrument was reviewed by experts in science education and aligned with theories such as the Theory of Gamified Learning and Self-Determination Theory to ensure validity. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson Product Moment Correlation) were employed for data analysis at a 0.05 level of significance.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> Findings revealed that most teachers are moderately aware of gamification strategies but have limited integration into their teaching practices. Where implemented, gamification was perceived to improve student engagement, motivation, and cognitive learning outcomes. However, key barriers identified include insufficient training, inadequate infrastructure, and curriculum rigidity. A statistically significant relationship was found between teachers’ awareness and the integration of gamification, as well as between resource availability and implementation levels. Based on these findings, the study recommends targeted professional development for physics teachers on gamification strategies, curriculum adjustments to accommodate innovative pedagogies, improved investment in educational technologies, and policy-level support to scale gamified instruction. These steps are crucial for modernizing physics education and achieving national STEM education goals in resource-constrained environments.

Advancement in information technology, particularly the social media, has expanded public<br> sphere engagement. Information is now widely accessible, raising urgent concerns about the<br> responsible use of such platforms during electoral processes, as there is rampant sharing of<br> unverified results on social media, consistently attracting research interest. This study<br> investigated the role of social media platforms in shaping political communication, with a view<br> to examining the impact on political mobilisation and voting behaviour and exploring the extent<br> to which youth and adult populations utilise social media for political engagement. Descriptive<br> design was employed. Agenda-Setting Theory by Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw and<br> Uses and Gratification Theory by Blumler and Katz served as the framework. Data were 315<br> respondents in Oke Mosan secretariat, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. data wee elicited using<br> questionnaires and subjected to analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).<br> There was a high level of engagement with social media platforms; 73.3% respondents regularly<br> used social media platforms to access political information. 53.4% respondents indicated that<br> social media had a significant impact on shaping political opinions. Misinformation, fake news,<br> and potential for political manipulation were underscored as challenges. Social media platforms<br> improve algorithmic transparency and enforce stricter content moderation policies. There is need<br> to foster partnership with local fact checking organisations to enhance the credibility and<br> reliability of political information disseminated online.

ABSTRACT<br> <br> This study appraises the effect of mismanagement and embezzlement of funds in the Nigerian public sector, with specific emphasis on the Ministry of Education. Using a total population of 3,100 staff and a sample size of 60 respondents selected through purposive sampling, the research adopts a descriptive survey design to examine how financial misappropriation impacts public service delivery. The specific objectives are to determine the effect of mismanagement and embezzlement on the Nigerian public sector, assess the influence of financial mismanagement on infrastructural development, and identify the underlying challenges that promote corrupt practices. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings reveal that mismanagement and embezzlement significantly undermine effective governance, hinder infrastructural growth, and perpetuate inefficiency within the public sector. The study concludes that addressing systemic corruption through strict financial oversight, transparency, and institutional reforms is critical to ensuring sustainable development in Nigeria. It was recommended among others that government should implement robust mechanisms for monitoring and auditing public sector financial activities.

The fastness properties of haematite dyes are critical in determining the durability and quality<br> of dyed textiles under various conditions. This study evaluated the colour fastness of cotton,<br> silk, and polyester fabrics dyed with haematite. Tests for wash fastness, light fastness, rubbing<br> fastness, and perspiration fastness were conducted following standardized methods ISO<br> (International Organization for Standardization) and AATCC (American Association of<br> Textile Chemists and Colorists). Experimental results indicated that polyester exhibited the<br> highest wash and rubbing fastness due to the hydrophobic nature of disperse dyes, which<br> strongly bind to synthetic fibers. Silk demonstrated moderate fastness, with excellent color<br> retention in acidic perspiration but slight fading under light exposure. Cotton showed good<br> wash fastness when treated with reactive dyes but displayed lower light fastness compared to<br> synthetic fibers. Overall, the fastness properties varied significantly based on fiber type with<br> synthetic fibers outperforming natural fibers in most tests. These findings highlight the<br> importance of selecting appropriate dyes and treatment methods to enhance the longevity of<br> dyed textiles in practical applications.